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工程设计学报
工程设计学报  2014, Vol. 21 Issue (6): 596-607    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2014.06.016
通用零部件设计     
无位置传感器BLDCM的软件升频启动策略
万晓凤，康利平，郑博嘉
南昌大学 电气与自动化工程系，江西 南昌 330031
Rising frequency startup strategy by software for sensorless brushless DC motor
WAN Xiao-feng， KANG Li-ping， ZHENG Bo-jia
Department of Electrical and Automation Engineering， Nanchang University， Nanchang 330031, China
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摘要： 针对无位置传感器直流无刷电机的反电势过零检测法在电机启动时无法准确获取转子位置以致不能正常启动这一问题，设计了一种基于软件升频换相的新型启动策略．通过分析电机转子的启动机理，得到转子升频换相时刻的超越方程．为规避超越方程求解的复杂性，只解出其中若干值，采用最小二乘曲线拟合法将离散的换相时刻拟合成升频换相时间函数，并在实时控制中在线计算各换相时刻及自同步切换时刻，以便完成转子的准确换相和电机的平滑启动．为验证软件升频启动策略的有效性，在simulink中对直流无刷电机空载、轻载、重载三种条件下的启动性能展开研究．结果表明软件升频启动策略在各种负载条件下都能使直流无刷电机正常启动，不会出现堵转、停转等现象．提出的软件升频启动法换相准确、启动性能良好，是无位置传感器直流无刷电机的一种非常可靠的启动策略．
关键词： 反电势过零检测法;  软件升频启动;  最小二乘法;  曲线拟合    
Abstract: To address the issue that sensor less BLDCM（brushless dc motor） commutated by using the zerocrossing method back EMF is unable to accurately obtain the rotor position which leads to irregular start after the motor starts， this paper designs a new strategy of startup using software to rise frequency and change phases. By deeply analyzing the mechanism of the motor rotor， this paper got the transcendental equation at the moment of rising frequency and changing phases. In order to avoid the complicated solution of transcendental equation， we just worked out some values of it and used the least squares curve fitting method to fit discrete commutation time for the time function of rising frequency and changing phases. The function could get the all moment of changing phases and switching synchronous， which achieved the accurate commutation of rotor and the smooth start. In order to verify the effectiveness of the strategy rising frequency and changing phases， we did some research about the property of the dc motor under the condition of noload， fractional loading and overload. It turned out that this strategy could start the dc motor under different conditions without locked rotor and stalling. The suggested strategy of startup using software to rise frequency changes phases accurately and is good in starting performance， so it is a very reliable starting method of the sensor less BLDCM. 
Key words: the zero-crossing method back EMF    frequency and changing phases by software    the least squares method    curve fitting method
收稿日期: 2014-04-09 出版日期: 2014-12-28
基金资助:

江西省科技厅科技支撑项目(20132BBE50049)
作者简介: 万晓凤(1964-)，女，江西南昌人，教授，硕士，从事计算机控制与嵌入式智能仪表研究，E-mail：xfwan_jx@163.com. [JP]
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引用本文:

万晓凤，康利平，郑博嘉. 无位置传感器BLDCM的软件升频启动策略[J]. 工程设计学报, 2014, 21(6): 596-607.

WAN Xiao-feng， KANG Li-ping， ZHENG Bo-jia. Rising frequency startup strategy by software for sensorless brushless DC motor. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2014, 21(6): 596-607.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2014.06.016    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2014/V21/I6/596

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